Li J, Chen X
Zhejiang Branch, Hangzhou.
Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao. 1993 Jun;15(3):183-6.
The epithelium of normal and ligated oviducts in nine reproductive women was studied by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed. The cilia of the epithelium were twisted and adhered on to the mucosa 0.5 cm from both the distal and proximal ends of the ligation scar. In the localized mucosa, the epithelial cells were irregular, and numerous microvilli and cilia were lost. However the microvilli and cilia of the epithelium were normal on mucosa 1.0 cm from the blocked oviducts. In the present experiment, oviductal stomata were reported on the epithelium of the hydrosalpinx for the first time. These oviductal stomata, located among some secretory cells, might be connected with the lymphatic capillaries of the oviducts. On the mucosa of the hydrosalpinx, numerous cilia were lost, and microvilli were abundant on the surface of the secretory cells. It might be possible that some secretory cells on the mucosa of the hydrosalpinx are evolved from ciliated cells. In addition, the pathogeny of the hydrosalpinx is discussed. This study shows: A) The transportation of the ovum is compromised due to damage to the cilia and microvilli of the oviductal epithelium, and this might be an important cause of continued infertility following reversal of sterilization; B) It is necessary to remove mucosa at least 0.5 cm from both the distal and proximal tubal segments of the ligation scar during the operation of end-to-end anastomosis; C) The oviductal stomata may be involved in draining hydrops from the hydrosalpinx.
采用扫描电子显微镜对9名育龄妇女正常及结扎输卵管的上皮进行了研究。结果显示，在距结扎瘢痕两端0.5 cm处的黏膜上，上皮纤毛扭曲并黏附于黏膜。在局部黏膜，上皮细胞不规则，大量微绒毛和纤毛缺失。然而，在距阻塞输卵管1.0 cm处的黏膜上，上皮微绒毛和纤毛正常。本实验首次报道了输卵管积水的上皮存在输卵管气孔。这些位于一些分泌细胞之间的输卵管气孔可能与输卵管的毛细淋巴管相连。在输卵管积水的黏膜上，大量纤毛缺失，分泌细胞表面微绒毛丰富。输卵管积水黏膜上的一些分泌细胞可能由纤毛细胞演化而来。此外，还讨论了输卵管积水的发病机制。本研究表明：A）输卵管上皮纤毛和微绒毛受损导致卵子运输受阻，这可能是绝育术后复通后持续不孕的重要原因；B）端端吻合手术时，有必要从结扎瘢痕两端的输卵管段至少切除0.5 cm的黏膜；C）输卵管气孔可能参与输卵管积水的引流。
