el-Sayed Y M, Niazy E M, Tawfik A F, al-Dardiri M M
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Drugs Exp Clin Res. 1993;19(1):19-24.
The effect of oral administration of activated charcoal on total body clearance of vancomycin administered intravenously (7.5 mg/kg) has been studied in normal rabbits and rabbits with induced renal failure. Gastric intubation of a single dose (10 g) of activated charcoal to normal rabbits did not produce a statistically significant effect on any pharmacokinetic parameter for vancomycin. The mean vancomycin clearances were (mean +/- s.d.) 80.82 +/- 6.8 and 75.24 +/- 9.61 ml/h/kg with and without activated charcoal administration, respectively. To examine whether renal failure would influence the effect of activated charcoal and enhance the systemic clearance of vancomycin, uranyl nitrate was used (0.75 mg/kg, i.v.) to induce acute renal failure in rabbits. The derived pharmacokinetic parameters of vancomycin were consistent with renal failure. No significant differences were observed in any of the calculated pharmacokinetic parameters between the control and charcoal treated rabbits. The lack of effect may be attributed to the large molecular weight of vancomycin.
在正常兔和诱导肾衰竭的兔中，研究了口服活性炭对静脉注射万古霉素（7.5mg/kg）全身清除率的影响。给正常兔胃内插管单剂量（10g）活性炭，对万古霉素的任何药代动力学参数均未产生统计学上的显著影响。给予和未给予活性炭时，万古霉素的平均清除率分别为（均值±标准差）80.82±6.8和75.24±9.61ml/h/kg。为了研究肾衰竭是否会影响活性炭的作用并提高万古霉素的全身清除率，使用硝酸铀酰（0.75mg/kg，静脉注射）诱导兔急性肾衰竭。所推导的万古霉素药代动力学参数与肾衰竭一致。在对照兔和活性炭处理的兔之间，任何计算得到的药代动力学参数均未观察到显著差异。缺乏效果可能归因于万古霉素的大分子质量。
