Alonso Gonzalez A C, Ortega Valin L, Santos Buelga D, Garcia Sanchez M J, Santos Borbujo J, Monzon Corral L, Dominguez-Gil Hurle A
Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, Spain.
J Clin Pharm Ther. 1993 Aug;18(4):267-70. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2710.1993.tb00586.x.
Owing to the changes occurring in the organism as a result of biological maturation, disposition kinetics of phenobarbital in newborns is significantly different to that observed in the paediatric and adult populations. Moreover, the disposition parameters change constantly during the first days of life. The data on the serum levels of phenobarbital in 17 newborns were analysed to quantify the changes in the elimination half-life of phenobarbital during the first weeks of life. The half-life of the drug was estimated to be (mean +/- SD) 114.2 +/- 43.0 h, 73.19 +/- 24.17 h and 41.23 +/- 13.95 h in patients 1-10, 11-30 and 31-70 days old, respectively. According to these values and assuming phenobarbital serum levels of 20 mg/l to be safe and effective in neonatal seizures, the initial dosing recommended is 2.9, 4.8 and 6.0 mg/kg/day in newborns 1-10, 11-30 and 31-70 days old, respectively.
由于生物成熟导致机体发生变化，新生儿苯巴比妥的处置动力学与儿童和成人显著不同。此外，在生命的最初几天，处置参数不断变化。分析了17例新生儿苯巴比妥血清水平的数据，以量化出生后第一周内苯巴比妥消除半衰期的变化。1 - 10日龄、11 - 30日龄和31 - 70日龄患者的药物半衰期估计分别为（均值±标准差）114.2±43.0小时、73.19±24.17小时和41.23±13.95小时。根据这些值，并假设苯巴比妥血清水平为20mg/L对新生儿惊厥安全有效，建议1 - 10日龄、11 - 30日龄和31 - 70日龄新生儿的初始剂量分别为2.9、4.8和6.0mg/kg/天。
