Everall I, Luthert P, Lantos P
Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, London, United Kingdom.
J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1993 Nov;52(6):561-6. doi: 10.1097/00005072-199311000-00002.
Over the past decade it has been realized that HIV affects the central nervous system, and various investigations have illuminated the spectrum of neuropathology in AIDS. One major advance has been the demonstration that there is substantial neuronal loss, which appears independent of the HIV-associated inflammatory lesions. Quantitative studies on neuronal populations, while fraught with methodological difficulties, are essential to the understanding of the mechanism of this neurotoxic damage. This article will review, firstly, the modern stereological procedures available for quantitative investigations; secondly, the pattern, degree and time scale of HIV-associated neuronal loss; thirdly, other morphological evidence of neuronal damage; and finally, the pathological and clinical implications of these findings.
在过去十年中，人们已经认识到人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）会影响中枢神经系统，并且各种研究已经阐明了艾滋病中的神经病理学范围。一项重大进展是证明存在大量神经元损失，这似乎与HIV相关的炎性病变无关。对神经元群体的定量研究虽然充满方法学上的困难，但对于理解这种神经毒性损伤的机制至关重要。本文将首先综述可用于定量研究的现代立体学方法；其次，HIV相关神经元损失的模式、程度和时间尺度；第三，神经元损伤的其他形态学证据；最后，这些发现的病理学和临床意义。
