Beiser M, Johnson P J, Turner R J
Culture, Community, and Health Studies, Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Psychol Med. 1993 Aug;23(3):731-43. doi: 10.1017/s0033291700025502.
This study of 1348 adult Southeast Asian refugees resettling in Vancouver, British Columbia and a comparison sample of 319 permanent residents of the city demonstrates a reciprocal relationship between unemployment and depressive affect. Increased risk of depression accompanied job loss and depression made it more difficult to stay employed. Although the association between unemployment and depression was common to both refugee and host society samples, links between these phenomena proved different in the two groups. In contrast to the refugees for whom income loss was the over-riding stress resulting from job loss, loss of esteem and loss of social contact also proved to be salient stressors for resident Canadians. Although a threat to the mental health of resident Canadians, underemployment--working at a level which considering one's education and previous occupation, is lower than might be expected--did not jeopardize the mental health of refugees.
这项针对1348名在不列颠哥伦比亚省温哥华重新定居的成年东南亚难民的研究，以及对该市319名永久居民的对照样本研究表明，失业与抑郁情绪之间存在一种相互关系。失业会增加患抑郁症的风险，而抑郁症又会使维持就业变得更加困难。尽管失业与抑郁之间的关联在难民和东道国社会样本中都很常见，但这两种现象之间的联系在两组中有所不同。与难民不同，难民因失业导致的主要压力是收入损失，而自尊的丧失和社会联系的丧失对加拿大居民来说也是突出的压力源。尽管就业不足（考虑到个人的教育程度和以前的职业，工作水平低于预期）对加拿大居民的心理健康构成威胁，但它并未危及难民的心理健康。
