Nixon S J
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City 73104.
Recent Dev Alcohol. 1993;11:305-23.
Historically, there has been considerable interest in developing alcoholic typologies with the belief that typologies would facilitate treatment development and stimulate meaningful research. Most of the existing typologies can be classified into one of two broad camps: the behavioral typologies and the family history/genetic typologies. Recent work has focused on the integration of these two strategies into comprehensive typological systems. This chapter provides an overview of the major typologies, noting their various strengths and weaknesses. Common weaknesses among existing typologies are that female alcoholics have not been adequately studied and/or are stereotyped. Behavioral heterogeneity within the female alcoholic population is discussed and suggestions for typological development are noted.
从历史上看，人们对开发酒精使用类型学有着浓厚的兴趣，认为类型学将有助于治疗方法的发展并推动有意义的研究。现有的大多数类型学可分为两个主要阵营之一：行为类型学和家族史/遗传类型学。最近的工作集中在将这两种策略整合到综合类型学系统中。本章概述了主要的类型学，指出了它们各自的优缺点。现有类型学的共同缺点是对女性酗酒者的研究不够充分和/或存在刻板印象。文中讨论了女性酗酒人群中的行为异质性，并提出了类型学发展的建议。
