Bech P, Pedersen K, Simonsen N, Lund M
Acta Neurol Scand. 1976 Oct;54(4):348-58. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1976.tb04364.x.
Three groups of epileptic out-patients (juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, psychomotor epilepsy, and cryptogenic grand mal) were studied. The groups were matched as closely as possible with each other with regard to sex, age, and treatment. Out-patients suffering from Menière's disease served as a control group; these patients were treated with placebo and matched with the epilepsy groups with regard to sex, duration of disease and social level. The Marke-Nyman inventory was used as a quantitative assessment of personality traits. This inventory is an operative definition of Sjöbring's neurophysiological model of personality, including the three dimensions: validity, stability and solidity. Our results showed that epileptic patients irrespective of the type of seizures were substable. Low validity was found in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and in patients with psychomotor epilepsy with temporal EEG focus. In those latter epilepsy groups a tendency to subsolidity was also observed. In Sjöbring's frame of reference these substable patients of low validity have a psychological vulnerability since they are unable to overcome the small concrete adversities of life. They adhere to problems, and being unable to solve them they tend to react in a mood of discontent or of maladjustment. In the usual psychiatric frame of reference substable patients of low validity are classified as psychoastenic patients with emotional instability.
对三组癫痫门诊患者（青少年肌阵挛性癫痫、精神运动性癫痫和隐源性大发作）进行了研究。这些组在性别、年龄和治疗方面尽可能相互匹配。患有梅尼埃病的门诊患者作为对照组；这些患者接受安慰剂治疗，并在性别、病程和社会阶层方面与癫痫组进行匹配。使用马克-尼曼量表对人格特质进行定量评估。该量表是对舍布林格人格神经生理学模型的操作性定义，包括三个维度：效度、稳定性和坚实性。我们的结果表明，无论癫痫发作类型如何，癫痫患者都具有亚稳定性。在青少年肌阵挛性癫痫患者和脑电图有颞叶病灶的精神运动性癫痫患者中发现效度较低。在后者这些癫痫组中也观察到一种趋于坚实性不足的倾向。在舍布林格的参照系中，这些效度较低的亚稳定性患者具有心理易损性，因为他们无法克服生活中的小挫折。他们执着于问题，由于无法解决这些问题，他们往往会以不满或适应不良的情绪做出反应。在通常的精神病学参照系中，效度较低的亚稳定性患者被归类为情绪不稳定的精神衰弱患者。
