Chang A E, Geiger J D, Sondak V K, Shu S
Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Arch Surg. 1993 Nov;128(11):1281-90. doi: 10.1001/archsurg.1993.01420230109017.
The realization that human cancers can be responsive to the manipulation of the immune system has only recently been documented. The immune approaches to the treatment of malignancy can be broadly classified into either active or passive immunotherapies. With active immunotherapy, treatment relies on the in vivo stimulation of the endogenous host immune system to react against tumors with the administration of biological response-modifying agents (ie, bacterial adjuvants, cytokines, tumor vaccines). With passive immunotherapy, treatment involves the delivery of biologic reagents with established tumor-immune reactivity (ie, antibodies or cells) that can directly or indirectly mediate antitumor effects and does not necessarily depend on an intact host immune system. Cellular therapy of malignancy has become more feasible with increased understanding of the interactions between immune cells and tumors. This article will review our current understanding of the principles underlying these interactions.
人类癌症可能对免疫系统的操控产生反应这一认识直到最近才得到证实。治疗恶性肿瘤的免疫方法大致可分为主动免疫疗法或被动免疫疗法。在主动免疫疗法中，治疗依赖于通过给予生物反应调节剂（如细菌佐剂、细胞因子、肿瘤疫苗）在体内刺激内源性宿主免疫系统来对抗肿瘤。在被动免疫疗法中，治疗涉及递送具有既定肿瘤免疫反应性的生物试剂（如抗体或细胞），这些试剂可直接或间接介导抗肿瘤作用，且不一定依赖于完整的宿主免疫系统。随着对免疫细胞与肿瘤之间相互作用的了解不断增加，恶性肿瘤的细胞治疗变得更加可行。本文将综述我们目前对这些相互作用背后原理的理解。
