Johnson L
Aust J Adv Nurs. 1993 Mar-May;10(3):20-6.
This study investigated two hypotheses: that there is a positive correlation between assertiveness and self-esteem, and that nurses rate lower than non-nurses on the constructs. A self-report survey incorporating scales for general assertiveness, situationally-specific assertiveness, global self-esteem and differentiated self-esteem was utilised. For the sample of 83 operating room nurses and 81 radiographers, correlations significant at the p < .001 level between the respective scales supported the first hypothesis. Analysis of variance yielded no significant differences between the two groups on either self-esteem measures or general assertiveness, with the nurses scoring significantly higher than radiographers on the situationally-specific assertiveness scale. Findings challenge the stereotype of the 'shrinking violet' nurse. Additional analysis revealed that the power component of differentiated self-esteem had a higher correlation with global self-esteem and with both assertiveness measures than any other component. Further, the operating room nurses were significantly more power-oriented than radiographers. The pre-eminence of power in the findings suggests that assertiveness and self-esteem are issues relating to the empowerment of nurses.
一是自信与自尊之间存在正相关，二是护士在这些构念上的得分低于非护士。采用了一项自我报告调查，其中纳入了一般自信、特定情境自信、总体自尊和差异化自尊的量表。对于83名手术室护士和81名放射技师的样本，各量表之间在p < .001水平上的显著相关性支持了第一个假设。方差分析表明，两组在自尊测量或一般自信方面均无显著差异，但护士在特定情境自信量表上的得分显著高于放射技师。研究结果挑战了“羞怯”护士的刻板印象。进一步分析发现，差异化自尊的权力成分与总体自尊以及两种自信测量的相关性高于任何其他成分。此外，手术室护士比放射技师更注重权力。研究结果中权力的突出表明，自信和自尊是与护士赋权相关的问题。
