Barker F G
Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania.
J Neurosurg. 1993 Dec;79(6):948-59. doi: 10.3171/jns.1993.79.6.0948.
The early history of the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) is reviewed with emphasis on the development of neurological surgery. The hospital opened in 1823. Early trephinations were performed by Dr. John Collins Warren and others for treatment of trauma and epilepsy. In the 1880's, interest in brain surgery increased, and Dr. John Elliot performed several trephinations for brain tumors, three of which were witnessed by Dr. Harvey Cushing during his years at the MGH as medical student and intern. In 1911, all brain surgery was placed in the hands of Dr. S. J. Mixter. He later shared the assignment with his son, Dr. W. J. Mixter, who described herniation of the intervertebral disc with Dr. J. S. Barr and became the first Chief of the Neurosurgical Service at MGH in 1939.
回顾了麻省总医院（MGH）的早期历史，重点是神经外科的发展。该医院于1823年开业。约翰·柯林斯·沃伦医生等人早期进行环锯术治疗创伤和癫痫。在19世纪80年代，对脑部手术的兴趣增加，约翰·埃利奥特医生为脑肿瘤进行了多次环锯术，其中三次是哈维·库欣医生在麻省总医院做医学生和实习生时目睹的。1911年，所有脑部手术都由S. J. 米克斯特医生负责。他后来与儿子W. J. 米克斯特医生共同承担这项工作，W. J. 米克斯特医生与J. S. 巴尔医生描述了椎间盘突出，并于1939年成为麻省总医院神经外科服务部的第一任主任。
