Gallo J E, Fagerholm P
S:t Erik's Eye Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh). 1993 Aug;71(4):519-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.1993.tb04629.x.
Myopia is a frequent sequelae of retinopathy of prematurity. The mechanism for myopia development in children born preterm is not well understood. From a group of 33 myopic preterm children we selected those who had regressed retinopathy and myopic values < or = 5 D. Seventeen children met our criteria. Of them, 10 patients could be re-examined. Factors related to myopia development were analyzed and compared to a control group of 12 children born fullterm with emmetropia or low hypermetropia, as well as another group of 10 fullterm children with myopic values < or = 5 D. The age of children ranged from 9 to 14 years in all groups. The mean birth weight in myopic premature children was 1249.3 g. Higher keratometric diopter values were found in myopic premature children than in emmetropic fullterm children (p < 0.05) and myopic fullterm children (p < 0.05). Increased axial length values were observed in myopic fullterm children when compared to myopic premature children (p < 0.05) In children born preterm the corneal refractive power seems to play a major role in myopia development.
近视是早产儿视网膜病变常见的后遗症。早产儿童近视发生的机制尚不清楚。从一组33名近视早产儿中，我们挑选出视网膜病变已消退且近视度数≤5D的儿童。17名儿童符合我们的标准。其中，10名患者可以接受复查。分析与近视发生相关的因素，并与12名足月出生的正视或低度远视儿童对照组以及另一组10名近视度数≤5D的足月儿童进行比较。所有组儿童的年龄在9至14岁之间。近视早产儿的平均出生体重为1249.3克。近视早产儿的角膜屈光力值高于正视足月儿童（p<0.05）和近视足月儿童（p<0.05）。与近视早产儿相比，近视足月儿童的眼轴长度值增加（p<0.05）。在早产儿童中，角膜屈光力似乎在近视发生中起主要作用。
