Fuyama Y
Behav Genet. 1976 Oct;6(4):407-20. doi: 10.1007/BF01065698.
A simple olfactometer was constructed for measuring the responses of adult Drosophila to odoriferous substances, and an index (attractability index, AI) is proposed to evaluate the response. Five strains of Drosophila melanogaster of different geographic origins were tested for their responses to five chemical attractants: ethyl alcohol, acetic acid, lactic acid, ethyl acetate, and n-butyraldehyde. Statistical analysis has shown that the differences of AI among strains are highly significant for all the odorants except acetic acid and that male flies are, in general, less sensitive than females. The number of flies which were inactive in the olfactometer also varied with strain, sex, and odorant, suggesting the involvement of some other behaviors, and this raises some difficulties in interpreting the heterogeneities of AI. Nevertheless, these results suggest that a considerable amount of genetic variation for olfactory response exists in natural population of D. melanogaster.
构建了一种简单的嗅觉计来测量成年果蝇对有气味物质的反应，并提出了一个指标（吸引力指数，AI）来评估这种反应。对五种不同地理来源的黑腹果蝇品系测试了它们对五种化学引诱剂的反应：乙醇、乙酸、乳酸、乙酸乙酯和正丁醛。统计分析表明，除乙酸外，所有气味剂在品系间的AI差异都非常显著，并且一般来说，雄蝇比雌蝇更不敏感。在嗅觉计中不活动的果蝇数量也因品系、性别和气味剂而异，这表明存在其他一些行为的参与，这给解释AI的异质性带来了一些困难。然而，这些结果表明，黑腹果蝇自然种群中存在大量嗅觉反应的遗传变异。
