Gjerdingen D K, Froberg D G, Chaloner K M, McGovern P M
Department of Family Practice and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
Arch Fam Med. 1993 Mar;2(3):277-83. doi: 10.1001/archfami.2.3.277.
To examine changes in women's physical health during the first postpartum year.
Participants completed surveys at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months post partum.
Four hundred thirty-six first-time mothers who gave birth at one of two St Paul, Minn, hospitals during a 12-month period and who met the criteria for the study.
Physical symptoms and number of illness days experienced within the previous 2 weeks.
Physical problems seen at a higher prevalence at 1 month post partum included breast symptoms, vaginal discomfort, fatigue, hemorrhoids, poor appetite, constipation, increased sweating, acne, hand numbness or tingling, dizziness, hot flashes, and illness days. Several of these disorders--hemorrhoids, dizziness, fatigue, and constipation--persisted beyond 1 month and were joined by other "late" problems, including respiratory symptoms, sexual concerns, and hair loss. Women who returned to the work force noted more symptoms of respiratory infections, and women with vaginal deliveries had a higher prevalence of hemorrhoids, vaginal discomfort, pain with intercourse, difficulty reaching orgasm, sinus problems, and acne.
Recovery from childbirth often requires more than the 6 weeks traditionally allotted, and postpartum health appears to be affected by delivery type and work status.
研究产后第一年女性身体健康状况的变化。
参与者在产后1、3、6、9和12个月完成调查问卷。
436名首次分娩的母亲，她们在明尼苏达州圣保罗市的两家医院之一分娩，为期12个月，且符合研究标准。
前两周出现的身体症状和患病天数。
产后1个月时患病率较高的身体问题包括乳房症状、阴道不适、疲劳、痔疮、食欲不振、便秘、出汗增多、痤疮、手部麻木或刺痛、头晕、潮热和患病天数。其中一些病症——痔疮、头晕、疲劳和便秘——持续超过1个月，并出现了其他“后期”问题，包括呼吸道症状、性方面的问题和脱发。重返工作岗位的女性呼吸道感染症状更多，顺产的女性痔疮、阴道不适、性交疼痛、难以达到性高潮、鼻窦问题和痤疮的患病率更高。
分娩后的恢复通常需要超过传统规定的6周时间，产后健康状况似乎受分娩方式和工作状态的影响。
