Arad Z, Korine C
Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa.
J Comp Physiol B. 1993;163(5):401-5. doi: 10.1007/BF00265645.
The energy budget, water balance and osmoregulation of the fruit bat, Rousettus aegyptiacus, were studied during normal hydration and during water restriction (oven-dried apple diet). The water input and output were balanced during both normal hydration and water restriction. The kidney of the fruit bat is well adapted to handle the water load from its fruit diet by excreting large volumes (14% of the body mass per day) of dilute urine (113 +/- 25 mosmol.kg H2O-1) as well as reducing urine volume (-95%) and increasing urine osmotic concentration (555 +/- 280 mosmol.kg H2O-1) during water restriction. The haematocrit, plasma haemoglobin and total protein concentrations did not increase during water restriction and heat exposure, suggesting the conservation of plasma volume. Gross energy intake was not affected by water restriction. However, digested energy intake and digestibility were significantly reduced. The effective regulation of energy and water budgets during water restriction suggests that the fruit bat can cope with seasonal climatic changes and with variable fruit supply during various seasons.
在正常水合状态和限水（烘干苹果饮食）期间，对埃及果蝠（Rousettus aegyptiacus）的能量平衡、水平衡和渗透调节进行了研究。在正常水合状态和限水期间，水的输入和输出都是平衡的。埃及果蝠的肾脏通过排泄大量（每天体重的14%）稀释尿液（113±25毫摩尔·千克H₂O⁻¹）以及在限水期间减少尿量（-95%）和增加尿渗透浓度（555±280毫摩尔·千克H₂O⁻¹），很好地适应了处理其水果饮食中的水负荷。在限水和热暴露期间，血细胞比容、血浆血红蛋白和总蛋白浓度没有增加，这表明血浆量得以保持。总能量摄入不受限水影响。然而，消化能摄入和消化率显著降低。限水期间对能量和水平衡的有效调节表明，埃及果蝠能够应对季节性气候变化以及不同季节水果供应的变化。
