Grønbech-Jensen M
Neuromedicinsk afdeling, Hvidovre Hospital, København.
Ugeskr Laeger. 1993 Nov 15;155(46):3759-63.
Gilles de la Tourette syndrome has its onset in childhood and is characterized by chronic motor and vocal tics and also complex tics. It is a lifelong illness with shorter and longer fluctuations in its severity. During puberty an aggravation in number and severity of tics is often observed, while symptoms in the third decade are reported to fade to some extent. The syndrome is found among all social classes, the male to female ratio is three to one, and it is probably inherited as an autosomal single dominant gene with varying penetrance. Gilles de la Tourette syndrome was earlier thought to be rare, but during the last years less pronounced cases have been seen. The etiology is not known, but a relative dopaminergic overactivity is a likely mechanism. It is possible to treat the symptoms with neuroleptics.
抽动秽语综合征起病于儿童期，其特征为慢性运动性和发声性抽动以及复杂性抽动。它是一种终身性疾病，病情严重程度有短期和长期的波动。在青春期，常观察到抽动的数量和严重程度会加重，而据报道在第三个十年症状会在一定程度上减轻。该综合征在所有社会阶层中都有发现，男女比例为三比一，可能作为一种具有不同外显率的常染色体单显性基因遗传。抽动秽语综合征以前被认为很罕见，但在过去几年中发现了症状较轻的病例。病因尚不清楚，但多巴胺能相对过度活跃可能是一种机制。使用抗精神病药物可以治疗症状。
