Steensen P, Jørgensen H S, Juhl B
Anaestesiologisk afdeling, Arhus Kommunehospital.
Ugeskr Laeger. 1993 Sep 13;155(37):2866-8.
Based on a case story and having examined the literature, we describe the incidence, symptoms, course, complications and treatment of the kind of pulmonary oedema that may arise in connection with acute heroin intoxication. A possible pathogenesis is also discussed. Heroin-induced pulmonary oedema is rather frequent and the mortality is high. It differs from cardiogenic pulmonary oedema at essential points. It is most likely due to an increased permeability of the lung capillaries. However, it is still unclarified whether this is caused by a toxic or an allergic reaction, or by hypoxia. The treatment is supportive, using a respirator and oxygen enriched breathing air until the hypoxia has been abolished, and support of the circulation with reasonable liquid supply and infusion of inotropic and vasoactive drugs.
基于一个病例故事并查阅了文献，我们描述了与急性海洛因中毒相关的那种肺水肿的发病率、症状、病程、并发症及治疗方法。还讨论了一种可能的发病机制。海洛因诱发的肺水肿相当常见，死亡率很高。它在关键点上与心源性肺水肿不同。很可能是由于肺毛细血管通透性增加所致。然而，这是由毒性反应、过敏反应还是缺氧引起的仍不清楚。治疗是支持性的，使用呼吸机和富氧呼吸空气，直到缺氧消除，并通过合理的液体供应以及输注强心和血管活性药物来支持循环。
