Pavlícek J, Dyková I
Vet Med (Praha). 1976;21(6):353-8.
The authors studied the anthelminthic effectiveness of a single peroral application of tetramisol (40 mg per 1 kg 1. w.), piperazine (500 mg per 1 kg 1. w.) and metriphonate (50 mg per 1 kg 1.w.) in the artificial invasion by Ascaridia galli. A set of 118 chickens of the White Leghorn breed were subjected to a single invasion by 3000 or 1500 invasive eggs at the age of 6, 36, and 48 days. The inteseffectiveness and extenseffectiveness of the treatment with the tested preparations were examined on the fifteenth day after invasion; the examination was based on the findings of ascarids in the helminthological dissection performed 48 hours on the findings of ascarids in the melminthological dissection performed 48 hours after therapy. The numbers of ascarids in the tested animals were compared with those in the controls. A histological examination was carried out to study the tissue reaction in the intestine, liver, spleen, kidneys, heart, and brain. Tetramisol showed the highest effectiveness. The intenseffectiveness of this substance reached 89-100% in young as well as older chickens. Piperazine had a good effectiveness in older chickens (61-83%); in young chickens it was entirely ineffective. The intenseffectiveness percentage of metriphonate was almost at a zero level. The extenseffectiveness of tetramisol ranged between 20 and 100% (the low values are characteristic of a severe course of invasion). Piperazine showed an extenseffectiveness ranging from 17 to 67% only in older chickens in cases of a mild invasion; otherwise it was equal to zero. Metriphonate was entirely ineffective. The reflection of ascaridiasis in the tissue reaction of the host manifested itself as granulomatous changes in intestinal mucous membrane, as multiplied histiocytic elements and plasma cells, and inflammatory lymphocytic infiltrates in the liver parenchyma.
作者研究了经口单次给予四咪唑(每千克体重40毫克)、哌嗪(每千克体重500毫克)和敌百虫(每千克体重50毫克)对鸡蛔虫人工感染的驱虫效果。选用118只白来航品种鸡,在6日龄、36日龄和48日龄时分别用3000个或1500个感染性虫卵进行单次感染。在感染后第15天检查受试制剂治疗的驱虫效果(即驱虫效力)和驱蛔效果(即驱蛔效能);检查依据治疗后48小时进行的蠕虫学解剖中蛔虫的发现情况。将受试动物体内蛔虫数量与对照动物进行比较。进行组织学检查以研究肠道、肝脏、脾脏、肾脏、心脏和大脑的组织反应。四咪唑显示出最高的效力。该物质在幼鸡和成年鸡中的驱虫效力达到89 - 100%。哌嗪在成年鸡中有良好的效力(61 - 83%);在幼鸡中则完全无效。敌百虫的驱虫效力百分比几乎为零。四咪唑的驱蛔效能在20%至100%之间(低值表明感染过程严重)。哌嗪仅在成年鸡轻度感染时显示出17%至67%的驱蛔效能;否则为零。敌百虫完全无效。宿主组织反应中蛔虫病的表现为肠道黏膜的肉芽肿性变化、组织细胞成分和浆细胞增多以及肝实质中的炎性淋巴细胞浸润。