Wehman P, Sherron P, Kregel J, Kreutzer J, Tran S, Cifu D
Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Supported Employment, Richmond, VA.
Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 1993 Dec;72(6):355-63.
Supported employment is a recently developed rehabilitation alternative that is being used to assist individuals with traumatic brain injury to return to work. The present study reports the results of a supported employment program that has placed 80 individuals into competitive employment during a 5-year time period. All individuals had sustained a severe traumatic brain injury; 72% of the injuries involved a motor vehicle. A mean of 6.1 years had passed since injury for all participants, who had been unconscious an average of 48 days. Neuropsychologic evaluation revealed defective cognitive functioning, which contributed to diminished employment potential. A key outcome indicator used to assess return to work capacity is the monthly employment ratio, which is computed by dividing the number of months employed during an employment phase (i.e., pre/post injury) by the total possible months an individual would have the opportunity to be employed. The monthly employment ratio increased from 13% after injury with no supported employment to 67% with supported employment services. The majority of individuals were employed in warehouse, clerical and service-related occupations. A mean of 250 staff intervention hours were required to train and provide follow-up services to program participants.
支持性就业是一种最近开发的康复选择，正被用于帮助创伤性脑损伤患者重返工作岗位。本研究报告了一项支持性就业计划的结果，该计划在5年时间里让80名个体获得了竞争性就业。所有个体都遭受了严重的创伤性脑损伤；72%的损伤涉及机动车事故。所有参与者受伤后平均过去了6.1年，他们平均昏迷了48天。神经心理学评估显示存在认知功能缺陷，这导致就业潜力下降。用于评估重返工作能力的一个关键结果指标是月就业率，它通过将就业阶段（即受伤前/后）的就业月数除以个体可能有机会就业的总月数来计算。月就业率从受伤后无支持性就业时的13%提高到有支持性就业服务时的67%。大多数个体受雇于仓库、文职和服务相关职业。为项目参与者提供培训和后续服务平均需要250个工作人员干预小时。
