Yamada N, Ohgaki M, Muramatsu M
Pharmaceuticals Laboratory, Mitsubishi Kasei Corporation, Yokohama, Japan.
Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 1994;103(1):73-8. doi: 10.1159/000236608.
To examine the role of airway inflammation in airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), we developed an animal model of AHR in guinea pigs and examined the histopathologic changes of these airways. Guinea pigs were actively sensitized with dinitrophenylated Ascaris suum extract and challenged with inhalation of the same extract. Six and 24 h after antigen challenge, airway responsiveness to inhaled acetylcholine (ACh), bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung histology were studied. Airway responsiveness to inhaled ACh increased 6 h after antigen challenge (p < 0.05), but an increase in airway responsiveness was not observed 24 h after antigen challenge as determined by PC300 (the minimum concentration of ACh at which the respiratory resistance exceeded 300% of baseline value). The number of eosinophils and neutrophils in BALF increased 6 and 24 h after antigen challenge compared to sensitized, nonchallenged guinea pigs, peaking at 24 h after antigen challenge. On the other hand, the numbers of infiltrating eosinophils in bronchial and bronchiolar tissues increased 6 and 24 h after antigen challenge compared to sensitized, nonchallenged guinea pigs, peaking at 6 h after antigen challenge. We therefore conclude that AHR after allergen exposure in sensitized guinea pigs is associated with an increase in infiltrating eosinophils in lung tissue but not with BAL eosinophilia or BAL neutrophilia.
为了研究气道炎症在气道高反应性（AHR）中的作用，我们建立了豚鼠AHR动物模型，并观察这些气道的组织病理学变化。用二硝基苯基化猪蛔虫提取物对豚鼠进行主动致敏，然后吸入相同提取物进行激发。在抗原激发后6小时和24小时，研究气道对吸入乙酰胆碱（ACh）的反应性、支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）和肺组织学。抗原激发后6小时，气道对吸入ACh的反应性增加（p<0.05），但根据PC300（使呼吸阻力超过基线值300%的ACh最低浓度）测定，抗原激发后24小时未观察到气道反应性增加。与致敏但未激发的豚鼠相比，抗原激发后6小时和24小时，BALF中嗜酸性粒细胞和中性粒细胞数量增加，在抗原激发后24小时达到峰值。另一方面，与致敏但未激发的豚鼠相比，抗原激发后6小时和24小时，支气管和细支气管组织中浸润的嗜酸性粒细胞数量增加，在抗原激发后6小时达到峰值。因此，我们得出结论，致敏豚鼠接触过敏原后的AHR与肺组织中浸润性嗜酸性粒细胞增加有关，而与BAL嗜酸性粒细胞增多或BAL中性粒细胞增多无关。
