Moore D C
Department of Clinical Investigation, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, Washington 98431-5000.
J Am Coll Nutr. 1993 Oct;12(5):505-10. doi: 10.1080/07315724.1993.10718343.
Approximately two-thirds of adolescent girls at any age are dissatisfied with their weight, the proportion increasing with actual weight. Slightly more than half of all girls are dissatisfied with the shape of their bodies, an attitude which also is positively correlated with body weight. Girls are most likely to be distressed about excess size of their thighs, hips, waist and buttocks, and inadequate size of their breasts. Those who are dissatisfied with their bodies are more likely to engage in potentially harmful weight control behaviors, such as dieting, fasting, self-induced vomiting, diuretic use, laxative use and diet pill use. Those who diet are more likely to begin in early adolescence, to be white than black, to be of higher socioeconomic status, to engage in other eating-related practices and to have a poor body image and self esteem. Boys who are underweight are most likely to be dissatisfied with their weight and many with normal weight wish to weigh more. Approximately one-third of boys are dissatisfied with their body shape, desiring larger upper arms, chest and shoulders. Dieting and purging are less likely than exercise to be chosen by boys as methods of weight control. Dieting among boys is more likely to be associated with increased body weight and some sports, such as wrestling. Body consciousness and altered body image are widespread among adolescents, and may be associated with potentially harmful eating practices in both sexes, but more so in girls.
在任何年龄段，约三分之二的青春期女孩对自己的体重不满意，这一比例随实际体重增加而上升。略超过半数的女孩对自己的身材不满意，这种态度也与体重呈正相关。女孩最可能因大腿、臀部、腰部和臀部过大以及胸部过小而苦恼。那些对自己身体不满意的女孩更有可能采取潜在有害的体重控制行为，如节食、禁食、自我催吐、使用利尿剂、泻药和减肥药。节食的女孩更可能在青春期早期开始，白人比黑人更常见，社会经济地位较高，还会有其他与饮食相关的行为，且身体形象和自尊较差。体重过轻的男孩最可能对自己的体重不满意，许多体重正常的男孩希望体重更重些。约三分之一的男孩对自己的身材不满意，希望上臂、胸部和肩膀更粗壮。与运动相比，节食和催吐不太可能被男孩选作体重控制方法。男孩节食更可能与体重增加以及一些运动（如摔跤）有关。身体意识和身体形象改变在青少年中很普遍，可能与两性中潜在有害的饮食习惯有关，但在女孩中更明显。
