Braun U, Steiner A, Götz M
Clinic of Veterinary Internal Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 1993;135(11-12):345-55.
The clinical signs, changes in blood and rumen fluid, findings at laparotomy, therapy and course of disease of 23 cows with obstruction or compression of the duodenum are described. The duodenum was obstructed by a phytobezoar in 14 cows and by a blood clot in one cow. In eight cows, the duodenum was compressed by and adhered to a liver abscess. The most important clinical findings included moderate to severe disturbance in the general behaviour and attitude, markedly reduced gastrointestinal activity, no or greatly reduced defaecation and abomasal reflux with metabolic alkalosis. Ten cows were slaughtered after clinical examination or exploratory laparotomy. In 13 cows, the phytobezoar was compressed manually to facilitate normal elimination, and if this was not possible, the phytobezoar was removed by enterotomy. Postoperative therapy consisted of intravenous administration of a solution containing sodium chloride and glucose, potassium chloride and intramuscular administration of metoclopramide, procaine penicillin and flunixin meglumine for three to five days. Two of the treated cows were slaughtered a few days postoperatively. There was a rapid improvement in the remaining 11 cows, and general condition, appetite and defaecation returned to normal within a short time.
本文描述了23头十二指肠梗阻或受压奶牛的临床症状、血液和瘤胃液变化、剖腹探查结果、治疗方法及病程。14头奶牛的十二指肠被植物性毛球阻塞，1头奶牛被血凝块阻塞。8头奶牛的十二指肠被肝脓肿压迫并粘连。最重要的临床症状包括：一般行为和态度出现中度至重度紊乱、胃肠活动明显减弱、无排便或排便大幅减少以及伴有代谢性碱中毒的皱胃反流。10头奶牛在临床检查或剖腹探查后被屠宰。13头奶牛中，手动挤压植物性毛球以促进正常排出，若无法做到，则通过肠切开术取出植物性毛球。术后治疗包括静脉输注含氯化钠、葡萄糖和氯化钾的溶液，以及肌肉注射甲氧氯普胺、普鲁卡因青霉素和氟尼辛葡甲胺，持续三至五天。2头接受治疗的奶牛在术后几天被屠宰。其余11头奶牛病情迅速好转，短时间内总体状况、食欲和排便恢复正常。
