King C R
Medical College of Ohio, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Arlington, Toledo 43699.
Women Health. 1993;20(3):75-93. doi: 10.1300/J013v20n03_05.
In May, 1972, seven Chicago women were arrested and charged with performing illegal abortions. Over the course of the preceding five years, the members of Jane, as this illegal abortion collective was denoted, had arranged, assisted and performed nearly 15,000 illegal abortions. The very fact that Jane existed as long as it did and assisted as many women as it did, was evidence of the central role that abortion and other reproductive decisions play in women's daily lives. Jane began amid the political and social discontent of the late 1960s. Like the Chicago Women's Liberation Union, Jane was founded by women helping other women. This action was, in effect, a continuation of the centuries old women's health network. Records of the Chicago Women's Liberation Union, words and deeds of the city's feminists and interviews with members of Jane, permit a consideration of important medical, philosophical and historical issues that surround the turbulent issue of abortion. In this setting the boundaries between and definitions of lay and medical practitioners become indistinct, the differences between women-centered and physician-centered medical care become more obvious, and at the very least Jane provides evidence of a model system by which women a generation ago successfully confronted restrictive abortion practices.
1972年5月，七名芝加哥女性被捕，并被指控实施非法堕胎。在之前的五年里，这个名为“简”的非法堕胎团体的成员安排、协助并实施了近15000例非法堕胎手术。“简”存在了如此之久且帮助了如此多的女性，这一事实证明了堕胎及其他生育决策在女性日常生活中所起的核心作用。“简”始于20世纪60年代末的政治和社会不满情绪之中。和芝加哥妇女解放联盟一样，“简”是由女性帮助其他女性建立起来的。这一行动实际上是有着数百年历史的女性健康网络的延续。芝加哥妇女解放联盟的记录、该市女权主义者的言行以及对“简”成员的访谈，使得人们能够思考围绕堕胎这一动荡问题的重要医学、哲学和历史问题。在这种背景下，外行从业者和医学从业者之间的界限及定义变得模糊不清，以女性为中心的医疗护理和以医生为中心的医疗护理之间的差异变得更加明显，至少“简”提供了一个模式系统的证据，表明一代人以前的女性是如何成功应对限制性堕胎做法的。
