Reichenbach A
Carl Ludwig Institute of Physiology, Leipzig University, F.R.G.
J Hirnforsch. 1993;34(3):335-41.
This short review summarizes current evidence that the mammalian retina is populated by two distinct groups of retinal neurons. One of them (ganglion cells, cone photoreceptor cells, horizontal cells, and a subpopulation of amacrine cells) is generated early in ontogenesis, and may be phylogenetically old. The other group (rod photoreceptor cells, bipolar cells, and another subpopulation of amacrine cells) is born late in ontogenesis, and seems to have been acquired later in phylogeny. It is suggested that the two groups of neurons are generated by two different types of precursor cells that may result from an asymmetrical final division of the undifferentiated retinal stem cells. Qualitative and quantitative features of precursor cell proliferation and differentiation are discussed.
这篇简短的综述总结了当前的证据，即哺乳动物视网膜由两类不同的视网膜神经元组成。其中一类（神经节细胞、视锥光感受器细胞、水平细胞和一部分无长突细胞）在个体发育早期产生，可能在系统发育上较为古老。另一类（视杆光感受器细胞、双极细胞和另一部分无长突细胞）在个体发育后期产生，似乎是在系统发育后期获得的。有人提出，这两类神经元由两种不同类型的前体细胞产生，这可能是未分化的视网膜干细胞不对称终末分裂的结果。文中讨论了前体细胞增殖和分化的定性和定量特征。
