Greenspan A
Department of Radiology, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento.
Skeletal Radiol. 1993 Oct;22(7):485-500. doi: 10.1007/BF00209095.
The benign bone lesions--osteoma, osteoid osteoma, and osteoblastoma--are characterized as bone-forming because tumor cells produce osteoid or mature bone. Osteoma is a slow-growing lesion most commonly seen in the paranasal sinuses and in the calvaria. When it occurs in the long bones, it is invariably juxtacortical and may need to be differentiated from, among others, parosteal osteosarcoma, sessile osteochondroma, and a matured juxtacortical focus of myositis ossificans. Osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma appear histologically very similar. Their clinical presentations and distribution in the skeleton, however, are distinct: osteoid osteoma is usually accompanied by nocturnal pain promptly relieved by salicylates; osteoblastoma arises predominantly in the axial skeleton, spinal lesions constituting one-third of reported cases. This review focuses on the application of the various imaging modalities in the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and evaluation of these lesions. Their histopathology also is discussed, and their treatment briefly outlined.
良性骨病变——骨瘤、骨样骨瘤和成骨细胞瘤——的特征为成骨性，因为肿瘤细胞可产生类骨质或成熟骨。骨瘤是一种生长缓慢的病变，最常见于鼻窦和颅骨。当它发生于长骨时，总是位于皮质旁，可能需要与骨旁骨肉瘤、无柄骨软骨瘤以及骨化性肌炎的成熟皮质旁病灶等进行鉴别。骨样骨瘤和成骨细胞瘤在组织学上非常相似。然而，它们的临床表现和在骨骼中的分布却截然不同：骨样骨瘤通常伴有夜间疼痛，服用水杨酸盐后可迅速缓解；成骨细胞瘤主要发生于中轴骨骼，脊柱病变占报告病例的三分之一。本综述重点关注各种成像方式在这些病变的诊断、鉴别诊断和评估中的应用。还将讨论它们的组织病理学，并简要概述其治疗方法。
