Hauser R
Universitätsklinik für Hals-, Nasen- und Ohrenkrankheiten, Kantonsspital Basel.
Ther Umsch. 1993 Sep;50(9):627-32.
Hearing loss in the elderly is the most common type of hearing impairment. The term presbyacusis has been used to describe this category of hearing loss when there are no other etiological factors. However, the term is not precise, because any of several locations along the auditory pathway may be involved to produce the symptoms. The diagnosis is based more on the course of the hearing loss and the associated biological signs of aging than on specific criteria. The loss of speech-understanding ability is one of the most important indicators for a therapeutic intervention, which generally aims at amplification using a personal hearing aid. An improvement in speech-understanding ability with a hearing aid depends on several complex factors, and there is a large amount of intersubject variability in the benefit derived from amplification, even when the magnitude of the hearing loss is comparable. The aim of research on presbyacusis over the next several years--keeping in mind the demographic development in the industrialized countries--will be to further the differential analysis of the factors contributing to auditory communication disorders in the aging population.
老年人听力损失是最常见的听力障碍类型。当不存在其他病因时，“老年聋”一词被用于描述此类听力损失。然而，该术语并不精确，因为听觉通路沿线的任何几个部位都可能受累而产生症状。诊断更多地基于听力损失的病程以及相关的衰老生物学体征，而非特定标准。言语理解能力的丧失是治疗干预的最重要指标之一，治疗通常旨在使用个人助听器进行放大。佩戴助听器后言语理解能力的改善取决于几个复杂因素，即使听力损失程度相当，不同个体从放大中获得的益处也存在很大差异。考虑到工业化国家的人口发展情况，未来几年老年聋研究的目标将是进一步对导致老年人群听觉交流障碍的因素进行差异分析。
