Barentsz J O, Ruijs S H, van Erning L J
Department of Radiology, University Hospital Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Magn Reson Q. 1993 Dec;9(4):235-58.
The role of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the management of carcinoma of the urinary bladder is reviewed and illustrated. In vivo and in vitro MR images of the normal urinary bladder, carcinoma, and surrounding structures are presented. Factors for optimal MR imaging of urinary bladder carcinoma are reviewed. Pulse sequence optimization, (endorectal) surface coils, and other new developments such as fast spin echo, subtraction turbo-fast low angle shot (FLASH), three-dimensional rapid acquisition gradient echo sequences, and the use of contrast agents are discussed. Finally, the value of MR imaging in staging urinary bladder carcinoma is compared with clinical staging, staging based on findings from computed tomography and intravesical sonography.
本文回顾并举例说明了磁共振（MR）成像在膀胱癌管理中的作用。展示了正常膀胱、癌及周围结构的体内和体外MR图像。回顾了膀胱癌最佳MR成像的相关因素。讨论了脉冲序列优化、（直肠内）表面线圈以及其他新进展，如快速自旋回波、减法涡轮快速低角度激发（FLASH）、三维快速采集梯度回波序列以及造影剂的使用。最后，将MR成像在膀胱癌分期中的价值与临床分期、基于计算机断层扫描和膀胱内超声检查结果的分期进行了比较。
