Friedman R C, Downey J
Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons.
J Am Psychoanal Assoc. 1993;41(4):1159-98. doi: 10.1177/000306519304100410.
The potential role of biological influences in human sexual orientation was considered more seriously during the early phases of psychoanalysis than in the years since World War II. Recently studies of homosexuality and heterosexuality in the neurosciences have attracted widespread attention both in the scientific and lay communities. The salience of these new data for psychoanalytic theory and practice is just beginning to be explored. In this article, we review research on sexual orientation in the following areas: genetics, crosscultural studies, studies of development in individuals with abnormal prenatal hormone exposure, childhood play patterns, and brain studies in both nonhumans and humans. Differences between male and female homosexuality are explored. We propose that psychoanalytic theory can grow and profit from a careful consideration of new findings in the psychobiology of sexuality, and that the interaction between mind and body is the appropriate purview of psychoanalysis.
在精神分析的早期阶段，相较于二战后的几年，生物影响在人类性取向中所起的潜在作用得到了更严肃的考量。最近，神经科学领域关于同性恋和异性恋的研究在科学界和普通大众中都引起了广泛关注。这些新数据对精神分析理论和实践的重要性才刚刚开始被探索。在本文中，我们回顾了以下领域中关于性取向的研究：遗传学、跨文化研究、产前激素暴露异常个体的发育研究、儿童游戏模式以及非人类和人类的大脑研究。我们还探讨了男同性恋和女同性恋之间的差异。我们认为，通过仔细思考性心理生物学方面的新发现，精神分析理论能够得以发展并从中受益，而且身心之间的相互作用正是精神分析的恰当研究范畴。
