McCarroll J E, Orman D T, Lundy A C
Department of Military Psychiatry, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100.
Mil Med. 1993 Nov;158(11):705-8.
Supervisor- and self-referrals for outpatient mental health care were studied to determine demographic and clinical differences. Supervisor-referrals (n = 730) were younger, reported fewer problems, and received less severe diagnoses than the self-referrals. Self-referrals (n = 1,103) received more depressive and anxiety diagnoses and more medications. They were also more afraid to ask for help, were more likely to not know where to go for help, say that "no one cares," fear disclosure, and to fear the outcome than the supervisor-referrals. Supervisor-referral may permit earlier intervention into client problems, but the nature of the social contingencies contributing to referral requires more research.
对门诊心理健康护理的上级转诊和自我转诊进行了研究，以确定人口统计学和临床差异。与自我转诊者相比，上级转诊者（n = 730）更年轻，报告的问题更少，诊断也不那么严重。自我转诊者（n = 1,103）被诊断出更多的抑郁和焦虑，且使用的药物更多。与上级转诊者相比，他们也更害怕寻求帮助，更有可能不知道去哪里寻求帮助，说“没人在乎”，害怕透露信息，以及害怕结果。上级转诊可能允许对客户问题进行更早的干预，但促成转诊的社会意外情况的性质需要更多的研究。
