Layton C, Higaonna M, Arneil S
Kime Publishing, Hunstanton, Norfolk, England.
Percept Mot Skills. 1993 Dec;77(3 Pt 1):829-30. doi: 10.2466/pms.1993.77.3.829.
12 Goju-ryu and 24 Kyokushinkai kata (forms) widely practised today were analysed for blocking and counter-offensive techniques. A statistically significant preference was found for blocking in Goju-ryu kata and a significant preference for counter-offensive techniques in Kyokushinkai kata. The kata from both styles were seen as fostering nonviolence in their practitioners, however.
