Pires M L, Dreyer G
Departamento de Parasitologia, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães/FIOCRUZ, Recife, PE.
Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo. 1993 Jul-Aug;48(4):175-82.
Strongyloidiasis is a worldwide parasitic disease and of great importance in Brasil. Among the diverse species of Strongyloides, only the following are of importance to man: S. stercoralis, S. fulleborni and S. fullerboni-like. Eventhough S. stercoralis is an intestinal helminth, strongyloidiasis is a systemic infection that can affect, beside the gastrointestinal tract, lungs, CNS, liver and biliary tract, pancreas, genitourinary tract and skin. The great majority of cases are asymptomatic, having a chronic and benign course. Among the symptomatic subjects, the gastrointestinal and pulmonary symptoms prevail. For unknown reasons, strongyloides infection may result in severe, disseminated disease. Immunosuppressive, therapy was identified as an important risk factor for disseminated illness. Diagnosing strongyloidiasis may be difficult, and eventhough the parasitological stool examination is the most used diagnostic test, sometimes larvae cannot be identified. Immunodiagnosis is not yet assessible for routine usage and is still a subject of research. Thiabendazole remains the drug of choice for treatment of strongyloidiasis, but other drugs, such as ivermectin, have been used. The purpose of this paper was to review the important aspects of the S. stercoralis infection in man.
类圆线虫病是一种全球性寄生虫病，在巴西尤为重要。在多种类圆线虫中，只有以下几种对人类具有重要意义：粪类圆线虫、福氏类圆线虫和类福氏类圆线虫。尽管粪类圆线虫是一种肠道蠕虫，但类圆线虫病是一种全身性感染，除胃肠道外，还可影响肺部、中枢神经系统、肝脏和胆道、胰腺、泌尿生殖道及皮肤。绝大多数病例无症状，病程呈慢性且良性。在有症状的患者中，胃肠道和肺部症状较为常见。由于不明原因，类圆线虫感染可能导致严重的播散性疾病。免疫抑制治疗被确定为播散性疾病的一个重要危险因素。诊断类圆线虫病可能存在困难，尽管粪便寄生虫检查是最常用的诊断方法，但有时无法识别幼虫。免疫诊断尚未可用于常规使用，仍是一个研究课题。噻苯达唑仍然是治疗类圆线虫病的首选药物，但也使用了其他药物，如伊维菌素。本文的目的是综述人类粪类圆线虫感染的重要方面。
