Bornstein R A, Nasrallah H A, Para M F, Whitacre C C, Fass R J
Department of Psychiatry, Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus.
AIDS. 1993 Dec;7(12):1607-11. doi: 10.1097/00002030-199312000-00010.
To examine the stability of cognitive function in patients with asymptomatic HIV infection.
Previous longitudinal studies of cognitive function have focused on patients who progress in terms of disease stage. The present study avoided this potential confounding factor by including only subjects who remained in the asymptomatic stage of infection over the follow-up period.
Subjects were administered an extensive neuropsychological test battery at baseline and 1 year follow-up. Overall performance was characterized as normal or abnormal based on the performance of a well-matched HIV-negative control group.
A significantly higher proportion of HIV-positive subjects became abnormal at the follow-up examination. Comparison of the seropositive subjects who remained normal with those who became abnormal revealed no differences at baseline on age, education, depression or CD4 levels. Subjects who became abnormal had worse performance at baseline on measures of information processing, verbal learning and memory, and reaction time.
These data indicate that cognitive function may decline in some patients who continue to be in the asymptomatic stage of infection. Patients with a pattern of cognitive abnormalities at baseline, which includes information processing and reaction time deficits, may be at increased risk for declines in function during early stages of infection.
研究无症状HIV感染者认知功能的稳定性。
以往关于认知功能的纵向研究聚焦于疾病阶段进展的患者。本研究仅纳入在随访期间仍处于感染无症状阶段的受试者，从而避免了这一潜在混杂因素。
在基线和随访1年时，对受试者进行广泛的神经心理测试组。根据匹配良好的HIV阴性对照组的表现，将总体表现特征化为正常或异常。
在随访检查中，HIV阳性受试者中出现异常的比例显著更高。将仍保持正常的血清阳性受试者与出现异常的受试者进行比较，发现在基线时，他们在年龄、教育程度、抑郁或CD4水平方面没有差异。出现异常的受试者在基线时，在信息处理、语言学习和记忆以及反应时间测量方面表现更差。
这些数据表明，一些仍处于感染无症状阶段的患者认知功能可能会下降。基线时存在认知异常模式（包括信息处理和反应时间缺陷）的患者，在感染早期功能下降的风险可能会增加。
