An update on the peripheral pseudoaneurysm.

A false aneurysm, or pseudoaneurysm, is a hematoma that occurs after injury of all layers of the arterial wall and that may occur secondary to trauma or to infection or as a complication of arterial bypass reconstruction. The presence of a pulsatile mass is usually the initial finding on physical examination that leads to more definitive testing and diagnosis. Treatment traditionally has been surgical repair. Recently, observation of stable false aneurysms and ultrasound-guided compression have proved to be effective and less invasive in a select group of patients. This article focuses on the incidence, causes, diagnosis, and various treatment modalities used today. The role of the nurse in caring for these patients is also addressed.