Heymann M
ABNF J. 1993 Fall;4(4):90-4.
The high rate of infant mortality, defined as the number of deaths in the first year of life for every 1000 babies born alive (WHO, 1981), is recognized as an extremely serious problem in the developing world. Worldwide decreases in the number of infant deaths are occurring; however, the gap continues to increase in countries with high socioeconomic baselines and those with low per capita income. This article discusses ways in which relevant health care policies and the use of newborn assessment tools can decrease infant mortality in Malawi Central Africa. The description of the tool, Newborn History and Physical Examination Form, for assessing the newborn and documenting care from birth until discharge in this setting, is included. Post delivery care and the components of a history and physical examination are amplified.
婴儿死亡率（定义为每1000例活产婴儿在出生后第一年的死亡数，世界卫生组织，1981年）居高不下，这在发展中世界被公认为是一个极其严重的问题。全球范围内婴儿死亡数量正在减少；然而，社会经济基线较高的国家与人均收入较低的国家之间的差距仍在扩大。本文讨论了相关医疗保健政策和使用新生儿评估工具可降低中非马拉维婴儿死亡率的方法。文中还介绍了用于评估新生儿并记录从出生到出院期间护理情况的工具《新生儿病史与体格检查表》。产后护理以及病史和体格检查的组成部分得到了详细阐述。
