Bruckbauer E, Ward S E
Wingra Family Practice Clinic, Madison, Wisconsin 53713.
Image J Nurs Sch. 1993 Winter;25(4):311-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1547-5069.1993.tb00265.x.
Content analysis was used with the responses of 167 people to open-ended questions regarding their understanding of the term "positive mental attitude" (PMA) and their beliefs about benefits and problems associated with PMA. Participants also responded to a scale which assessed their beliefs about the influence of PMA on illness onset and recovery. Analyses revealed wide diversity in understandings of the term, although a majority indicated that PMA means optimism or hope. The benefits of PMA included happiness, health and improved relationships. The problems included over-confidence and disappointment, but such problems were often said to be associated with over-enthusiastic use of PMA. Seventy-seven percent of the respondents agreed that PMA can prevent illness and 94 percent agreed that PMA can aid in recovery from illness. Fewer agreed that PMA can prevent cancer or aid recovery from cancer.
对167人就他们对“积极心态”（PMA）这一术语的理解以及他们对与积极心态相关的益处和问题的看法所做的开放式问题回答进行了内容分析。参与者还对一个量表做出了回应，该量表评估了他们对积极心态对疾病发生和康复影响的看法。分析显示，尽管大多数人表示积极心态意味着乐观或希望，但对该术语的理解存在广泛差异。积极心态的益处包括幸福、健康和改善人际关系。问题包括过度自信和失望，但人们常说这些问题往往与过度热情地运用积极心态有关。77%的受访者同意积极心态可以预防疾病，94%的受访者同意积极心态有助于疾病康复。较少有人同意积极心态可以预防癌症或有助于癌症康复。
