Noblet J, Perez J M
Station de Recherches Porcines, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, St Gilles, France.
J Anim Sci. 1993 Dec;71(12):3389-98. doi: 10.2527/1993.71123389x.
The DE and ME values and digestible nutrient contents of 114 diets were measured in 45-kg growing pigs (four to five animals per diet) fed approximately 500 kcal of ME/kg BW.60. Diets differed widely with regard to their chemical characteristics and their ingredients. Chemical composition of each diet was measured by at least four laboratories. The results were used to establish prediction equations of DE or ME values, digestible nutrient contents, and digestibility coefficients of energy and nutrients from chemical characteristics. Digestibility coefficients of energy (range: 65 to 95%) and CP (range: 64 to 94%) were highly dependent on dietary fiber and mineral contents. The digestibility coefficient of ether extract increased curvilinearly (from 2 to 84%) with the dietary fat content. The digestibility of fiber was lower (45% for NDF) than for the other chemical constituents. The ME:DE ratio averaged 96.3% and was negatively correlated to the dietary protein content. The DE and ME values could be accurately predicted (R2 > .90 and CV < 2%) from chemical characteristics; the best equations were obtained when the following predictors were combined in a linear model: ash, ether extract, crude protein, and an estimate of dietary fiber. The accuracy of the prediction was higher with NDF than with ADF or Weende crude fiber. The results suggest that even a rather large proportion of dietary fiber (approximately 50%) is degraded in the digestive tract, the amount of available energy from fiber digestion is negligible in connection with increased endogenous protein and fat losses. The equations obtained in the present study represent a basis for the prediction of the energy values of mixed diets with a composition of unknown ingredients.
在体重45千克的生长猪（每种日粮4至5头动物）中测定了114种日粮的消化能（DE）和代谢能（ME）值以及可消化养分含量，这些猪每千克体重摄入约500千卡代谢能。日粮在化学特性和成分方面差异很大。每种日粮的化学成分由至少四个实验室进行测定。结果用于建立根据化学特性预测DE或ME值、可消化养分含量以及能量和养分消化率系数的方程。能量（范围：65%至95%）和粗蛋白（范围：64%至94%）的消化率系数高度依赖于膳食纤维和矿物质含量。醚提取物的消化率系数随日粮脂肪含量呈曲线增加（从2%至84%）。纤维的消化率低于其他化学成分（中性洗涤纤维为45%）。代谢能与消化能的比率平均为96.3%，且与日粮蛋白质含量呈负相关。根据化学特性可以准确预测DE和ME值（R2>.90且变异系数<2%）；当在一个线性模型中组合以下预测因子时可得到最佳方程：灰分、醚提取物、粗蛋白以及膳食纤维估计值。使用中性洗涤纤维时预测的准确性高于酸性洗涤纤维或范氏粗纤维。结果表明，即使相当大比例的膳食纤维（约50%）在消化道中被降解，但与内源性蛋白质和脂肪损失增加相关，纤维消化产生的可用能量数量可忽略不计。本研究中获得的方程为预测成分未知的混合日粮能量值奠定了基础。
