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德国小蠊(蜚蠊目:蜚蠊科)对拟除虫菊酯的抗性:抗性水平及潜在机制

Pyrethroid resistance in German cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Blattelidae): resistance levels and underlying mechanisms.

作者信息

Hemingway J, Dunbar S J, Monro A G, Small G J

机构信息

Department of Medical Parasitology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, England.

出版信息

J Econ Entomol. 1993 Dec;86(6):1631-8.

PMID:8294621
Abstract

Thirty strains of Blattella germanica (L.) reported to be pyrethroid resistant were collected from three continents. Greater than 2-fold resistance to the pyrethroids cyfluthrin, fenvalerate, cypermethrin, and lambda cyhalothrin appeared in 15 of these strains. Twelve of these strains were also resistant to chlorpyrifos and propoxur. All the field strains tested were heterogeneous with regard to resistance. Possible resistance mechanisms detected in these populations included elevated levels of cytochrome P450, general esterase and glutathione S-transferase, and nerve insensitivity (kdr-type resistance). The elevated esterases and oxidase-based resistance were the most prevalent; 11 and 10 strains, respectively, had evidence of these mechanisms. Resistance was synergized by piperonyl butoxide in some strains. In some strains, elevated esterases, although present, were primarily correlated with organophosphate resistance. Pyrethroid insecticides may still be effective against many of these populations because of the low levels of resistance detected. However, potential exists for more serious resistance problems to develop if only pyrethroids are used. Because many of these strains are already resistant to organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides, prospects for the future chemical control of these populations must be carefully considered.

摘要

从三大洲收集了30株据报道对拟除虫菊酯具有抗性的德国小蠊。其中15株对氯氟氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯、氯氰菊酯和高效氯氟氰菊酯表现出2倍以上的抗性。这些菌株中有12株对毒死蜱和残杀威也具有抗性。所有测试的野外菌株在抗性方面都是异质的。在这些种群中检测到的可能抗性机制包括细胞色素P450、一般酯酶和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶水平升高,以及神经不敏感(击倒抗性型)。酯酶升高和基于氧化酶的抗性最为普遍;分别有11株和10株有这些机制的证据。在一些菌株中,胡椒基丁醚可增强抗性。在一些菌株中,虽然存在酯酶升高的情况,但主要与有机磷抗性相关。由于检测到的抗性水平较低,拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂可能对许多这些种群仍然有效。然而,如果仅使用拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂,存在产生更严重抗性问题的可能性。由于这些菌株中有许多已经对有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂具有抗性,必须仔细考虑对这些种群未来化学防治的前景。

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