Collins N L, Dunkel-Schetter C, Lobel M, Scrimshaw S C
Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles 90024-1563.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1993 Dec;65(6):1243-58. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.65.6.1243.
This prospective study examined the effects of prenatal social support on maternal and infant health and well-being in a sample of low-income pregnant women (N = 129). Three aspects of support (amount received, quality of support received, and network resources) and four outcomes (birth weight, Apgar scores, labor progress, and postpartum depression) were studied. Results indicated that women who received more support had better labor progress and babies with higher Apgar scores. Women with higher quality support had babies with higher Apgar scores and experienced less postpartum depression. Also, women with larger networks had babies of higher birth weight. Further analyses indicated that the outcomes as a whole were more consistently predicted by instrumental rather than emotional forms of support. Finally, although there was some evidence for stress-buffering effects of support, the overall findings were more consistent with a main effect model.
这项前瞻性研究调查了产前社会支持对低收入孕妇样本（N = 129）母婴健康和幸福的影响。研究了支持的三个方面（获得的支持量、所获支持的质量和网络资源）以及四个结果（出生体重、阿氏评分、产程进展和产后抑郁）。结果表明，获得更多支持的女性产程进展更好，其婴儿的阿氏评分更高。获得高质量支持的女性所生婴儿的阿氏评分更高，且产后抑郁程度较轻。此外，社交网络更大的女性所生婴儿的出生体重更高。进一步分析表明，总体而言，工具性而非情感性的支持形式能更一致地预测这些结果。最后，尽管有一些证据表明支持具有压力缓冲效应，但总体研究结果更符合主效应模型。
