Lampe J, Butschak G
Pharmazie. 1978 Jul;33(7):407-11.
The cytochrome P-450 containing mixed-function oxidase system bound to the ergastoplasmic membrane plays an essential role both in the detoxification as well as in the activation of numerous xenobiotics. In many cases, this enzyme system initiates the formation of reactive electrophilic intermediates (epoxides, free radicals, carbenes) which may induce cytotoxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic effects by reacting with various cell constituents. In most cases, the active metabolites are covalently bound to the proteins and nucleic acids, but the binding to lipids or the initiation of the lipid peroxidation is also important. In the activation of xenobiotics by N-hydroxylation or N-dealkylation an aminoxidase is of special importance which is independent of cytochrome P-450. The intermediates arising from this enzyme reaction frequently become biologically active only after being stabilized by an ester bond.
与内质网膜结合的含细胞色素P-450的混合功能氧化酶系统在多种外源性物质的解毒和激活过程中都起着至关重要的作用。在许多情况下，该酶系统会引发活性亲电中间体（环氧化物、自由基、卡宾）的形成，这些中间体可通过与各种细胞成分反应而诱导细胞毒性、致突变性和致癌性。在大多数情况下，活性代谢产物会与蛋白质和核酸共价结合，但与脂质的结合或脂质过氧化的引发也很重要。在通过N-羟基化或N-脱烷基作用激活外源性物质的过程中，一种独立于细胞色素P-450的氨基氧化酶具有特殊重要性。这种酶反应产生的中间体通常只有在通过酯键稳定后才会具有生物活性。
