Festing M F
MRC Toxicology Unit, University of Leicester, England.
Aging (Milano). 1993 Aug;5(4):309-15.
Laboratory rodents are widely used in gerontological research. Many different strains are available, and superficially there is little to distinguish them (many are albino), although they may differ markedly in life span and pattern of spontaneous disease, as well as for a whole range of biochemical, immunological, behavioural and physiological characteristics. As experience has shown that strains can easily become muddled, some form of genetic quality control is essential. There is no single method of genetic quality control which can be recommended for all occasions. Methods based on identification of Mendelian genetic markers, such as biochemical and immunological polymorphisms can be sensitive, but may be expensive and require considerable expertise. Methods based on simultaneous study of several markers, such as skin grafting and polyvalent strain-specific antisera, may be cheaper but less flexible. DNA fingerprinting and the use of microsatellite markers appear to be the methods of choice in the future, though these are still expensive and require considerable expertise.
实验用啮齿动物在老年学研究中被广泛使用。有许多不同的品系可供选择，表面上它们几乎没有什么区别（许多是白化病动物），尽管它们在寿命、自发性疾病模式以及一系列生化、免疫、行为和生理特征方面可能有显著差异。由于经验表明品系很容易混淆，某种形式的遗传质量控制至关重要。没有一种单一的遗传质量控制方法可以推荐用于所有情况。基于孟德尔遗传标记识别的方法，如生化和免疫多态性，可能很灵敏，但可能成本高昂且需要相当多的专业知识。基于同时研究多个标记的方法，如皮肤移植和多价品系特异性抗血清，可能成本较低但灵活性较差。DNA指纹识别和微卫星标记的使用似乎是未来的首选方法，尽管这些方法仍然昂贵且需要相当多的专业知识。
