Cohen I, Sivron T, Lavie V, Blaugrund E, Schwartz M
Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Glia. 1994 Jan;10(1):16-29. doi: 10.1002/glia.440100104.
The poor regenerative ability of neurons of the central nervous system in mammals, as compared with their counterpart in fish or amphibians, is thought to stem from differences in their immediate nonneuronal environment and its response to axonal injury. We describe one aspect of the environmental response to axonal injury in a spontaneously regenerating system--the fish optic nerve. The aspect under investigation was the reaction of glial cells at the injury site. This was examined by the use of antibodies that specifically recognize vimentin in fish glial cells. In the present study, affinity-purified vimentin antibodies were raised against a nonconserved N-terminal 14-amino acid peptide, which was predicted from the nucleotide sequence of vimentin. These antibodies were found to react specifically with glial cells in vitro. Moreover, the antivimentin antibodies stained both the optic nerve and the optic tract, but with different patterns. Specificity of the antibodies was verified by protein immunoblotting, tissue distribution, and labeling patterns. After injury, vimentin immunoreactivity initially disappeared from the site of the lesion due to cell death. Early signs of glial cell migration toward the injury site were evident a few days later. It is suggested that the reappearance of vimentin-positive glial cells at the site of injury is associated with axonal elongation across it, and that they contribute to the regenerative ability of the fish optic nerve.
与鱼类或两栖动物的中枢神经系统神经元相比，哺乳动物中枢神经系统神经元的再生能力较差，这被认为源于它们直接的非神经元环境及其对轴突损伤的反应存在差异。我们描述了自发再生系统——鱼视神经中对轴突损伤的环境反应的一个方面。所研究的方面是损伤部位神经胶质细胞的反应。这通过使用特异性识别鱼神经胶质细胞中波形蛋白的抗体来进行检测。在本研究中，针对从波形蛋白核苷酸序列预测的非保守N端14个氨基酸肽制备了亲和纯化的波形蛋白抗体。发现这些抗体在体外与神经胶质细胞发生特异性反应。此外，抗波形蛋白抗体对视神经和视束都有染色，但染色模式不同。通过蛋白质免疫印迹、组织分布和标记模式验证了抗体的特异性。损伤后，由于细胞死亡，波形蛋白免疫反应性最初在损伤部位消失。几天后，神经胶质细胞向损伤部位迁移的早期迹象明显。有人认为，损伤部位波形蛋白阳性神经胶质细胞的重新出现与轴突穿过损伤部位伸长有关，并且它们有助于鱼视神经的再生能力。
