Pontius A A
Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Boston, MA.
Psychol Rep. 1993 Dec;73(3 Pt 1):875-92. doi: 10.2466/pr0.1993.73.3.875.
A neuropsychiatric and -psychological update of the crime "profile" and "signature" is a necessary addition to the traditional sociopsychological model likely to miss limbic system dysfunctioning. Thus, occurrence of a brief (c. 20 minutes) limbic seizure has been proposed based on behaviors of 12 white male homicidal loners, who showed a dozen symptoms and signs: Limbic Psychotic Trigger Reaction. Readily overlooked can be (a) a transient psychosis (hallucinations and/or delusions), (b) autonomic hyperactivation (e.g., loss of bladder control, nausea, ejaculation), (c) motiveless, out-of-character, unplanned, and well-remembered homicidal acts, (d) committed with a flat affect (not emotionally or impulsively provoked), (e) typically involving a stranger who happened to provide an objectively harmless and only subjectively important stimulus. (f) Such an individualized stimulus triggered the memory revival of mild to moderate but repeatedly experienced hurts. Such a specific sequence of events implicates the specific mechanism of limbic seizure, "kindling," which does not necessarily involve motor convulsions. Repetition of such limbic episodes with "criminal acts" is conceivable under specific circumstances including cases in which the triggering stimulus is associated with pleasurable delusions (e.g., of grandiose power or wealth) or constitutes a specific aspect of a basic drive motive. For example, eating or sexual activities might be planned but degenerate into a limbic episode with a specific core symptomatology.
对犯罪“侧写”和“特征”进行神经精神病学和心理学方面的更新，是对传统社会心理学模型的必要补充，因为传统模型可能会忽略边缘系统功能障碍。基于12名白人男性杀人独居者的行为，有人提出了短暂（约20分钟）边缘性发作的情况，这些人表现出一系列症状和体征：边缘性精神病触发反应。容易被忽视的可能有：（a）短暂性精神病（幻觉和/或妄想），（b）自主神经功能亢进（如膀胱控制丧失、恶心、射精），（c）无动机、不符合性格、无计划且记忆深刻的杀人行为，（d）以平淡的情感实施（并非由情感或冲动引发），（e）通常涉及一个陌生人，这个陌生人恰好提供了一个客观上无害但主观上重要的刺激。（f）这样一个个体化的刺激引发了轻度至中度但反复经历的伤害的记忆复苏。这样一系列特定事件暗示了边缘性发作的特定机制——“点燃”，这不一定涉及运动性惊厥。在特定情况下，包括触发刺激与愉悦性妄想（如拥有巨大权力或财富的妄想）相关或构成基本驱动动机的特定方面的情况，边缘性发作与“犯罪行为”的重复是可以想象的。例如，饮食或性活动可能是有计划的，但会恶化为具有特定核心症状的边缘性发作。
