Discrimination of changes in the second-order statistics of natural and synthetic images.

It has been suggested that the second-order statistics of different natural images are all remarkably similar and that neurones and channels in the visual system may exploit this similarity. We have measured the ability of human observers to discriminate changes in these statistics using different natural and synthetic stimulus images and have found that the dependence of their discrimination thresholds upon the reference second-order statistics is similar in form, for both kinds of stimuli. However, there is some variety in the magnitudes of the thresholds for the natural stimulus images; in fact, the second-order statistics of different natural images are more diverse than previously suggested. The discrimination task can be modelled as the discrimination of changes in local contrast within restricted spatial frequency bands and is similar to the discrimination of blur.