Tate D, Kirsch N, Maynard F, Peterson C, Forchheimer M, Roller A, Hansen N
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 1994 Feb;73(1):27-35.
This study examined differences between depressed and nondepressed individuals with a history of paralytic poliomyelitis in terms of demographics, health status and coping strategies. The prevalence of distress and depression in this group of 116 polio survivors was determined. Subjects completed the Brief Symptom Inventory, the Coping with Disability Inventory and a questionnaire concerning their polio histories and self-perceptions of health. Medical assessments were performed by physicians. Only 15.8% of the sample had scores indicating depression and elevated distress. Depressed/distressed polio survivors were more likely to: be living alone, be experiencing further health status deterioration, seek professional help, view their health as poor, report greater pain, be less satisfied with their occupational status and their lives in general and exhibit poorer coping outcome behaviors in relation to their disability. Three factors in coping with the late effects of polio were identified through a factor analysis of the Coping with Disability Inventory: positive self-acceptance, information seeking/sharing about the disability and social activism. Differences between depressed/distressed and other polio survivors were found across these three factors, with depressed/distressed subjects having significantly lower coping scores. These and other results are discussed.
本研究调查了有麻痹性脊髓灰质炎病史的抑郁个体与非抑郁个体在人口统计学、健康状况和应对策略方面的差异。确定了这116名脊髓灰质炎幸存者群体中痛苦和抑郁的患病率。受试者完成了简明症状量表、残疾应对量表以及一份关于他们脊髓灰质炎病史和健康自我认知的问卷。由医生进行医学评估。样本中只有15.8%的人得分显示有抑郁和痛苦加剧的情况。抑郁/痛苦的脊髓灰质炎幸存者更有可能：独居、健康状况进一步恶化、寻求专业帮助、认为自己健康状况差、报告更多疼痛、对自己的职业状况和总体生活满意度较低，并且在应对残疾方面表现出较差的应对结果行为。通过对残疾应对量表进行因素分析，确定了应对脊髓灰质炎后期影响的三个因素：积极的自我接纳、寻求/分享有关残疾的信息以及社会行动主义。在这三个因素上发现了抑郁/痛苦的脊髓灰质炎幸存者与其他幸存者之间的差异，抑郁/痛苦的受试者应对得分显著较低。讨论了这些及其他结果。
