Druyts-Voets E, Van Renterghem L, Gerniers S
Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Brussels, Belgium.
J Infect. 1993 Nov;27(3):311-6. doi: 10.1016/0163-4453(93)92329-u.
Outbreaks of Coxsackie B virus infection occur mainly in the warm spring and summer when enteroviruses are most prevalent. A study of five Coxsackie B virus serotypes was made over the last decade by collecting and typing nearly all enteroviruses isolated in Belgium. The study showed that Coxsackie B virus infection appeared in waves. We describe two outbreaks of Coxsackie B virus infection in our maternity unit. The first took place in 1988, when Coxsackie B 2 virus was the most prevalent serotype in the general population. One baby fell ill 6 days after birth and developed signs of meningitis. In a second baby the infection showed a diphasic pattern. The first phase was relatively mild but, after a period of recovery the child developed signs of myocarditis. After a period of low prevalence or complete absence from 1982 to 1988, Coxsackie B I virus reappeared in the summer of 1989. That summer, a small outbreak was seen in our maternity unit where one baby was infected from his mother and the infection spread from that baby to another one. Both babies developed meningitis but their convalescence was uncomplicated. A higher risk of outbreaks in nurseries was observed in summer when viruses are most prevalent. Measures to prevent such infections are discussed.
柯萨奇B组病毒感染的暴发主要发生在温暖的春季和夏季，此时肠道病毒最为流行。在过去十年里，通过收集并分型在比利时分离出的几乎所有肠道病毒，对五种柯萨奇B组病毒血清型进行了一项研究。该研究表明，柯萨奇B组病毒感染呈波浪式出现。我们描述了发生在我们产科病房的两起柯萨奇B组病毒感染暴发事件。第一起发生在1988年，当时柯萨奇B2病毒是普通人群中最流行的血清型。一名婴儿在出生6天后患病，并出现脑膜炎症状。另一名婴儿的感染呈现双相模式。第一阶段相对较轻，但在一段时间的恢复后，该儿童出现了心肌炎症状。在1982年至1988年患病率较低或完全没有病例之后，柯萨奇B1病毒于1989年夏天再次出现。那年夏天，我们产科病房出现了一次小规模暴发，一名婴儿从其母亲那里感染，感染从该婴儿传播到了另一名婴儿。两名婴儿均患上了脑膜炎，但恢复过程未出现并发症。在病毒最为流行的夏季，托儿所暴发感染的风险更高。文中讨论了预防此类感染的措施。
