Mudraia I S, Kirpatovskiĭ V I
Urol Nefrol (Mosk). 1993 Sep-Oct(5):4-9.
The paper describes impedance methods of investigating upper urinary tracts (UUT) which may serve adjuvants in the diagnosis of the urinary tract wall disturbances due to diseases caused by impaired urine evacuation from the kidney and which may prove helpful in the choice of therapeutic policy, evaluation of the postoperative period and outcomes prognosis. UUT impedance tests can be performed during endoscopic manipulations or under open operative interventions. Two-frequency impedancemetry allows rapid detection of non-functioning UUT parts or sclerosal sites of the UUT wall, relevant criteria being the ratio of basic impedances of the site under low and high scanning current. This value is computed by an urological two-frequency impedancemeter IDU-M. To assess the UUT wall functionally, use should be made of 6-channel urological rheograph REUR-6 providing multichannel registration of immediate impedance ureterograms. In this manner one can obtain qualitative and quantitative assessment of the ureteral peristalsis through its all length, the criteria being the amplitude of impedance ureterographic complexes, their shape, duration, frequency, rhythm, sequence and rate of distribution. Loading tests increase the accuracy of UUT impedance measurements, are able to define compensatory reserves of the wall contractility. The introduction of rheological methods in urological practice makes broader the armory of diagnostic techniques in urology, upgrade pathogenetic validity of surgical and therapeutic measures.
本文描述了研究上尿路（UUT）的阻抗方法，这些方法可作为辅助手段，用于诊断因肾脏尿液排出受损所引起疾病导致的尿路壁紊乱，且可能有助于治疗策略的选择、术后阶段的评估及预后结果预测。UUT阻抗测试可在内镜操作期间或开放手术干预下进行。双频阻抗测量法可快速检测UUT无功能部分或UUT壁的硬化部位，相关标准是低扫描电流和高扫描电流下该部位的基本阻抗之比。此值由泌尿外科双频阻抗计IDU-M计算得出。为从功能上评估UUT壁，应使用6通道泌尿外科血流图仪REUR-6，它可对即时阻抗输尿管图进行多通道记录。通过这种方式，可对输尿管全程的蠕动进行定性和定量评估，标准为阻抗输尿管图复合体的幅度、形状、持续时间、频率、节律、顺序及分布速率。负荷试验提高了UUT阻抗测量的准确性，能够确定壁收缩性的代偿储备。流变学方法引入泌尿外科实践，拓宽了泌尿外科诊断技术的范围，提升了手术和治疗措施的发病机制合理性。
