Spandidos D A, Liloglou T, Field J K
Institute of Biological Research and Biotechnology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, Athens, Greece.
Stem Cells. 1993 May;11(3):194-8. doi: 10.1002/stem.5530110305.
Recent progress in the field of oncogenes has produced valuable information concerning the molecular and cellular biology of the cancer cell and provided a tool to investigate the process of carcinogenesis. Some oncogenes such as the ras, myc, erbB-2 and abl have been extensively investigated in the progression of carcinogenesis in several types of human tumors. The p53 tumor suppressor gene has recently been shown to play the role of "molecular policeman," and is obviously important in the development of many tumors, as mutations in this gene are the most common genetic abnormalities found in all neoplasias. In certain cases the incidence of aberrant gene expression and genetic alterations of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes have been shown to be important in the progression of these cancers and may be of use as prognostic indicators and form the basis for a successful therapy.
癌基因领域的最新进展产生了有关癌细胞分子和细胞生物学的宝贵信息，并提供了一种研究致癌过程的工具。一些癌基因，如ras、myc、erbB-2和abl，已在几种人类肿瘤的致癌进展中得到广泛研究。p53肿瘤抑制基因最近被证明发挥着“分子警察”的作用，并且在许多肿瘤的发生发展中显然很重要，因为该基因的突变是所有肿瘤中最常见的基因异常。在某些情况下，癌基因和肿瘤抑制基因的异常基因表达和基因改变的发生率已被证明在这些癌症的进展中很重要，并且可能用作预后指标，并构成成功治疗的基础。
