Härter L, Erkert H G
Zoologisches Institut/Tierphysiologie, Universität Tübingen, Germany.
Chronobiol Int. 1993 Jun;10(3):165-75. doi: 10.3109/07420529309073885.
To investigate the coupling between the circadian system and the regulation of the ovarian cycle in nonhuman primates, the effect of Zeitgeber-induced alterations of the circadian period (23 vs 26 h) on the ovarian cycle length was studied in the long-cycling polyestrous common marmoset, Callithrix j. jacchus. For that purpose, six female marmosets were isolated for approximately 4 months each under artificial lighting regimens of 23 h [light-dark (LD) 11.5:11.5] and of 26 h (LD 13:13; 300:0.03 lx). Samples of "morning urine" were collected in each circadian period and analyzed by radioimmunoassay for their estrone (E1) and estradiol-17 beta (E2) concentrations. Clear ovarian cyclic variations of the creatinine related urinary E1 and E2 concentrations were ascertained in each individual, with the E2 concentrations being 5-10 times higher than the E1 concentrations. In a total of 48 recorded ovarian cycles, the cycle length varied between 16 and 39 days and was 28.3 +/- 4.1 days on average. As measured in circadian periods, the marmosets' ovarian cycle was significantly longer (p < 0.05) under entrainment to LD 11.5:11.5 than under entrainment to LD 13:13. When measured in objective days, however, no difference in cycle length was demonstrated. Hence, in Callithrix, the mechanisms regulating the ovarian cycle length do not seem to be closely coupled to the circadian system, but rather corroborate the more classic hypothesis presuming that in polyestrous mammals different (at most weakly coupled) timing mechanisms or oscillator systems are responsible for the regulation of the circadian and the ovarian cycles.
为了研究非人类灵长类动物昼夜节律系统与卵巢周期调节之间的耦合关系，我们在长周期多发情的普通狨猴（Callithrix j. jacchus）中研究了授时因子诱导的昼夜周期改变（23小时与26小时）对卵巢周期长度的影响。为此，将六只雌性狨猴分别在23小时（明暗周期11.5:11.5）和26小时（明暗周期13:13；光照强度300:0.03勒克斯）的人工光照条件下隔离约4个月。在每个昼夜周期收集“晨尿”样本，并通过放射免疫分析法分析其中雌酮（E1）和雌二醇-17β（E2）的浓度。确定了每个个体中与肌酐相关的尿E1和E2浓度存在明显的卵巢周期性变化，E2浓度比E1浓度高5 - 10倍。在总共记录的48个卵巢周期中，周期长度在16至39天之间变化，平均为28.3±4.1天。以昼夜周期测量，狨猴在11.5:11.5的明暗周期下的卵巢周期明显长于在13:13的明暗周期下（p < 0.05）。然而，以实际天数测量时，未发现周期长度有差异。因此，在狨猴中，调节卵巢周期长度的机制似乎与昼夜节律系统没有紧密耦合，而是支持了更经典的假设，即多发情哺乳动物中不同的（至多是弱耦合的）计时机制或振荡器系统负责昼夜节律和卵巢周期的调节。
