三种局部用滴眼液对实验性兔干眼症的影响。

Department of Ophthalmology, South-Western Hospital, Third Military Medical College, Chongqing.

Chin Med J (Engl). 1993 Mar;106(3):196-201.

We studied the ultrastructural changes of the corneal epithelium of the experimental rabbit dry eye and the effects of three topically applied eye-drops. Fourty rabbits were divided into experimental rabbit dry eye group, 0.1% bromhexine-treated group, 50% Chinese medicinal herb-treated group and 0.01% retinoic acid-treated group. Ten days after surgical removal of lacrimal gland, nictitating membrane and Harder's gland of the rabbit eyes, and corroding the conjunctiva with 50% trichloroacetic acid, the rabbit eyes showed typical dry eye signs. A lot of pathologic ultrastructural changes of the corneal epithelium were observed. Fourteen days after topically applying the three eye-drops, no significant effect was found on the ultrastructural changes of the dry eye corneal epithelium in the 0.1% bromhexine-treated and 50% Chinese medicinal herb-treated groups. However, in the 0.01% retinoic acid-treated eyes, normal microvilli and microplicae reappeared, denuded corneal epithelium was covered by new epithelial cells, no cell swelled, degenerated mitochondria recovered, basement membrane returned completely, and the completely recovered corneal epithelial cell count showed a significant difference compared with the control (P < 0.01). We conclude that removing the lacrimal gland, nictitating membrane and Harder's gland of rabbit eye, and corroding the conjunctiva with 50% trichloroacetic acid can result in rabbit dry eye and topically applying 0.01% retinoic acid can promote the recovery of the dry corneal epithelium.

我们研究了实验性兔干眼角膜上皮的超微结构变化以及三种局部应用眼药水的效果。40只兔分为实验性兔干眼组、0.1%溴己新治疗组、50%中药治疗组和0.01%维甲酸治疗组。在手术切除兔眼的泪腺、瞬膜和哈德氏腺，并用50%三氯乙酸腐蚀结膜10天后，兔眼出现典型的干眼体征。观察到角膜上皮有许多病理性超微结构变化。在局部应用三种眼药水14天后，0.1%溴己新治疗组和50%中药治疗组对干眼角膜上皮的超微结构变化无显著影响。然而，在0.01%维甲酸治疗的眼中，正常的微绒毛和微皱襞重新出现，裸露的角膜上皮被新的上皮细胞覆盖，无细胞肿胀，退化的线粒体恢复，基底膜完全恢复，完全恢复的角膜上皮细胞计数与对照组相比有显著差异（P<0.01）。我们得出结论，切除兔眼的泪腺、瞬膜和哈德氏腺，并用50%三氯乙酸腐蚀结膜可导致兔干眼，局部应用0.01%维甲酸可促进干眼角膜上皮的恢复。