Cavallo V, Giovagnorio F
Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Roma.
Radiol Med. 1993 May;85(5):521-5.
Research on the medical applications of artificial intelligence has increased the knowledge of logical and methodological principles of clinical reasoning. Thus, computer-based diagnostic systems are developed on the basis of progress in this field, because thorough knowledge is necessary to obtain efficient simulation. This work was aimed at analyzing the structure of medical and radiological reasoning and at discussing the modalities to simulate it with computer-based diagnostic systems. The diagnostic process includes two steps: data collection and data interpretation; radiological reasoning involves the following 5 steps: procedural, executive, observative, interpretative and communicative. Each of them needs a different approach to simulation, considering, in its development, the different characteristics of each kind of reasoning. The expert system shells on the market are necessary tools to develop expert systems, but they cannot cover the whole of processes taking place during radiological work. Therefore, a particular, radiology-aimed shell should be developed to help the radiologist.
对人工智能医学应用的研究增进了对临床推理逻辑和方法原则的认识。因此，基于该领域的进展开发了计算机辅助诊断系统，因为全面的知识对于实现高效模拟是必要的。这项工作旨在分析医学和放射学推理的结构，并讨论用计算机辅助诊断系统进行模拟的方式。诊断过程包括两个步骤：数据收集和数据解读；放射学推理涉及以下5个步骤：程序、执行、观察、解读和交流。在其开发过程中，考虑到每种推理的不同特点，它们中的每一个都需要不同的模拟方法。市场上的专家系统外壳是开发专家系统的必要工具，但它们无法涵盖放射学工作过程中发生的所有过程。因此，应该开发一种专门针对放射学的外壳来帮助放射科医生。
