Friedman A H, Copel J A, Kleinman C S
Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.
Semin Perinatol. 1993 Apr;17(2):76-88.
Over the last 15 years, the ultrasound examination of the fetal heart has become increasingly sophisticated. Fetal echocardiography is now paramount in making an early and accurate assessment of cardiovascular structure as well as diagnosing and treating fetal arrhythmias. For the fetal sonographer, the increasing challenge of fetal evaluation has been paralleled by advancing technology. Today, a complete fetal echocardiographic study includes the structural and rhythm analysis using a combination of two-dimensional imaging, M-mode scanning, pulsed- and continuous-wave Doppler measurements, and color-flow mapping. When the data obtained from the fetal echocardiogram suggest normal cardiac structure, the reassurance provided to the family at risk is immeasurable. When a prenatal diagnosis of structural or rhythm abnormalities is obtained, the health care team can outline a management strategy to optimize the care and support given to the fetus, mother, and family.
在过去的15年里，胎儿心脏的超声检查变得越来越复杂。如今，胎儿超声心动图对于早期准确评估心血管结构以及诊断和治疗胎儿心律失常至关重要。对于胎儿超声检查医师而言，技术的进步使得胎儿评估面临的挑战日益增加。如今，完整的胎儿超声心动图检查包括结合二维成像、M型扫描、脉冲和连续波多普勒测量以及彩色血流图进行结构和节律分析。当胎儿超声心动图获得的数据表明心脏结构正常时，为处于风险中的家庭提供的安心是无法估量的。当产前诊断出结构或节律异常时，医疗团队可以制定管理策略，以优化对胎儿、母亲和家庭的护理与支持。
